How Knowledge Influences Antibiotic Adherence Among Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Indonesian Primary Health Centers Open Access

Authors

  • 1 Fidyawati Center Health Care of Buol, Center of Sulawesi, Indonesia
  • 2 Maximiano Oqui Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosae, Timor Leste
  • 3 Joaquim Pinto Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosae, Timor Leste

https://doi.org/10.55018/ihc.v11.9 Published: 2025-06-30

Downloads

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health challenge, often exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use and poor patient adherence to prescribed regimens. Understanding the factors influencing antibiotic knowledge and adherence among outpatients is critical to improving treatment outcomes and mitigating resistance development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between patients’ knowledge and their adherence to antibiotic use at Puskesmas Gadung Kab. Buol

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted involving 42 outpatient respondents between January and February 2024. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of antibiotics, and adherence behavior were collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rho correlation test were applied to analyze the data

Result: The findings revealed that a substantial proportion of respondents demonstrated moderate to good knowledge about antibiotics, with a notable association between higher knowledge levels and better adherence to antibiotic regimens. The majority of participants complied with prescribed antibiotic use, particularly those with sufficient understanding of antibiotic resistance and appropriate usage. The study also identified that demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and occupation influenced both knowledge and adherence behaviors. The statistical analysis confirmed a significant positive correlation between knowledge and adherence, underscoring the importance of patient education

Conclusion: In conclusion, enhancing patients’ knowledge about antibiotics is essential to improving adherence and combating antibiotic resistance. Healthcare providers should prioritize continuous educational interventions and counseling to reinforce correct antibiotic use among outpatients. Future research with larger samples and diverse settings is recommended to generalize the findings and explore additional factors influencing adherence.

Keywords:

Knowledge, Antibiotic, Adherence, Outpatients

References

Aliabadi, T., Saberi, E. A., Motameni Tabatabaei, A., & Tahmasebi, E. (2022). Antibiotic use in endodontic treatment during pregnancy: A narrative review. European Journal of Translational Myology, 32(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2022.10813
Antwi, A. N., Stewart, A., & Crosbie, M. (2020). Fighting antibiotic resistance: a narrative review of public knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of antibiotics use. Perspectives in Public Health, 140(6), 338–350. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913920921209
Besnier, E., Thomson, K., Stonkute, D., Mohammad, T., Akhter, N., Todd, A., Rom Jensen, M., Kilvik, A., & Bambra, C. (2021). Which public health interventions are effective in reducing morbidity, mortality and health inequalities from infectious diseases amongst children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): An umbrella review. PloS One, 16(6), e0251905. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251905
Dickter, J., Logan, C., & Taplitz, R. (2023). Neutropenia and antibiotics: when, what, how and why? Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 36(4), 218–227. https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000932
Foster, N. E., Anema, J. R., Cherkin, D., Chou, R., Cohen, S. P., Gross, D. P., Ferreira, P. H., Fritz, J. M., Koes, B. W., Peul, W., Turner, J. A., & Maher, C. G. (2018). Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions. Lancet (London, England), 391(10137), 2368–2383. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30489-6
Handyside, L., Warren, R., Devine, S., & Drovandi, A. (2021). Utilisation of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model in community pharmacy for health needs assessment: A narrative review. Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP, 17(2), 292–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.021
Henaine, A.-M., Lahoud, N., Abdo, R., Shdeed, R., Safwan, J., Akel, M., Fahs, I., Zeenny, R., Sacre, H., Hallit, S., & Salameh, P. (2021). Knowledge of Antibiotics Use among Lebanese Adults: A study on the influence of sociodemographic characteristics. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 21(3), 442–449. https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.4.2021.006
Kakiuchi, S., Livorsi, D. J., Perencevich, E. N., Diekema, D. J., Ince, D., Prasidthrathsint, K., Kinn, P., Percival, K., Heintz, B. H., & Goto, M. (2022). Days of Antibiotic Spectrum Coverage: A Novel Metric for Inpatient Antibiotic Consumption. Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 75(4), 567–576. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab1034
Kandasamy, G., Sivanandy, P., Almaghaslah, D., Khobrani, M., Chinnadhurai, M., Vasudevan, R., & Almeleebia, T. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, perception and practice of antibiotics usage among the pharmacy students. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 74(11), e13599. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13599
Katundu, D. R., Hannink, G., Lyimo, J. G., Rovers, M., & van Heerbeek, N. (2023). Usage and parental knowledge of antibiotics in children undergoing (adeno) tonsillectomy in northern Tanzania. The Pan African Medical Journal, 46, 59. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.59.41190
Kim, J., Jang, J., Kim, B., & Lee, K. H. (2022). Effect of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on health programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 11(1), 213. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-022-02092-2
LaRock, D. L., Johnson, A. F., Wilde, S., Sands, J. S., Monteiro, M. P., & LaRock, C. N. (2022). Group A Streptococcus induces GSDMA-dependent pyroptosis in keratinocytes. Nature, 605(7910), 527–531. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04717-x
Marta-Costa, A., Miranda, C., Silva, V., Silva, A., Martins, Â., Pereira, J. E., Maltez, L., Capita, R., Alonso-Calleja, C., Igrejas, G., & Poeta, P. (2021). Survey of the Knowledge and Use of Antibiotics among Medical and Veterinary Health Professionals and Students in Portugal. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052753
Mazur, N. I., Terstappen, J., Baral, R., Bardají, A., Beutels, P., Buchholz, U. J., Cohen, C., Crowe, J. E. J., Cutland, C. L., Eckert, L., Feikin, D., Fitzpatrick, T., Fong, Y., Graham, B. S., Heikkinen, T., Higgins, D., Hirve, S., Klugman, K. P., Kragten-Tabatabaie, L., … Bont, L. (2023). Respiratory syncytial virus prevention within reach: the vaccine and monoclonal antibody landscape. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 23(1), e2–e21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00291-2
Muflih, S. M., Al-Azzam, S., Karasneh, R. A., Bleidt, B. A., Conway, B. R., Bond, S. E., & Aldeyab, M. A. (2023). Public knowledge of antibiotics, self-medication, and household disposal practices in Jordan. Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, 21(4), 477–487. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2023.2182770
Plumet, L., Ahmad-Mansour, N., Dunyach-Remy, C., Kissa, K., Sotto, A., Lavigne, J.-P., Costechareyre, D., & Molle, V. (2022). Bacteriophage Therapy for Staphylococcus Aureus Infections: A Review of Animal Models, Treatments, and Clinical Trials. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 12, 907314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.907314
Robert, A., Nguyen, Y., Bajolet, O., Vuillemin, B., Defoin, B., Vernet-Garnier, V., Drame, M., & Bani-Sadr, F. (2017). Knowledge of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in patients followed by family physicians. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 47(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2016.10.003
Saulle, R., Sinopoli, A., De Paula Baer, A., Mannocci, A., Marino, M., De Belvis, A. G., Federici, A., & La Torre, G. (2020). The PRECEDE-PROCEED model as a tool in Public Health screening: a systematic review. La Clinica Terapeutica, 171(2), e167–e177. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2020.2208
Shoar, S., & Musher, D. M. (2020). Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review. Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.), 12, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-020-00074-3
Terstappen, J., Hak, S. F., Bhan, A., Bogaert, D., Bont, L. J., Buchholz, U. J., Clark, A. D., Cohen, C., Dagan, R., Feikin, D. R., Graham, B. S., Gupta, A., Haldar, P., Jalang’o, R., Karron, R. A., Kragten, L., Li, Y., Löwensteyn, Y. N., Munywoki, P. K., … Mazur, N. I. (2024). The respiratory syncytial virus vaccine and monoclonal antibody landscape: the road to global access. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 24(12), e747–e761. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00455-9
Wilkins, T., Wheeler, B., & Carpenter, M. (2020). Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Adults: Evaluation and Management. American Family Physician, 101(5), 294–300.

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Fidyawati, Maximiano Oqui, Joaquim Pinto (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Permission is granted subject to the terms of the License under which the work was published. Permission will be required if your reuse is not covered by the terms of the License.

How to Cite

Fidyawati, Oqui, M., & Pinto, J. (2025). How Knowledge Influences Antibiotic Adherence Among Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Indonesian Primary Health Centers. International Journal of Health Concord, 1(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.55018/ihc.v11.9

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Share.

Scrollspy Example

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.